It is possible to find out using mathematical methods whether a given integer is a prime number or not.
No, 2 256 239 is not a prime number.
For example, 2 256 239 can be divided by 89: 2 256 239 / 89 = 25 351.
For 2 256 239 to be a prime number, it would have been required that 2 256 239 has only two divisors, i.e., itself and 1.
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2 256 239 is an odd number, because it is not evenly divisible by 2.
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A number is a perfect square (or a square number) if its square root is an integer; that is to say, it is the product of an integer with itself. Here, the square root of 2 256 239 is about 1 502.078.
Thus, the square root of 2 256 239 is not an integer, and therefore 2 256 239 is not a square number.
The square of a number (here 2 256 239) is the result of the product of this number (2 256 239) by itself (i.e., 2 256 239 × 2 256 239); the square of 2 256 239 is sometimes called "raising 2 256 239 to the power 2", or "2 256 239 squared".
The square of 2 256 239 is 5 090 614 425 121 because 2 256 239 × 2 256 239 = 2 256 2392 = 5 090 614 425 121.
As a consequence, 2 256 239 is the square root of 5 090 614 425 121.
The multiples of 2 256 239 are all integers evenly divisible by 2 256 239, that is all numbers such that the remainder of the division by 2 256 239 is zero. There are infinitely many multiples of 2 256 239. The smallest multiples of 2 256 239 are: