It is possible to find out using mathematical methods whether a given integer is a prime number or not.
No, 509 542 is not a prime number.
For example, 509 542 can be divided by 2: 509 542 / 2 = 254 771.
For 509 542 to be a prime number, it would have been required that 509 542 has only two divisors, i.e., itself and 1.
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509 542 is an even number, because it is evenly divisible by 2: 509 542 / 2 = 254 771.
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A number is a perfect square (or a square number) if its square root is an integer; that is to say, it is the product of an integer with itself. Here, the square root of 509 542 is about 713.822.
Thus, the square root of 509 542 is not an integer, and therefore 509 542 is not a square number.
The square of a number (here 509 542) is the result of the product of this number (509 542) by itself (i.e., 509 542 × 509 542); the square of 509 542 is sometimes called "raising 509 542 to the power 2", or "509 542 squared".
The square of 509 542 is 259 633 049 764 because 509 542 × 509 542 = 509 5422 = 259 633 049 764.
As a consequence, 509 542 is the square root of 259 633 049 764.
The multiples of 509 542 are all integers evenly divisible by 509 542, that is all numbers such that the remainder of the division by 509 542 is zero. There are infinitely many multiples of 509 542. The smallest multiples of 509 542 are: