It is possible to find out using mathematical methods whether a given integer is a prime number or not.
No, 83 509 is not a prime number.
For example, 83 509 can be divided by 37: 83 509 / 37 = 2 257.
For 83 509 to be a prime number, it would have been required that 83 509 has only two divisors, i.e., itself and 1.
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83 509 is an odd number, because it is not evenly divisible by 2.
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A number is a perfect square (or a square number) if its square root is an integer; that is to say, it is the product of an integer with itself. Here, the square root of 83 509 is about 288.979.
Thus, the square root of 83 509 is not an integer, and therefore 83 509 is not a square number.
The square of a number (here 83 509) is the result of the product of this number (83 509) by itself (i.e., 83 509 × 83 509); the square of 83 509 is sometimes called "raising 83 509 to the power 2", or "83 509 squared".
The square of 83 509 is 6 973 753 081 because 83 509 × 83 509 = 83 5092 = 6 973 753 081.
As a consequence, 83 509 is the square root of 6 973 753 081.
The multiples of 83 509 are all integers evenly divisible by 83 509, that is all numbers such that the remainder of the division by 83 509 is zero. There are infinitely many multiples of 83 509. The smallest multiples of 83 509 are: